Politique

FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg Institut für Politische Wissenschaft Hauptseminar: Die Rolle des Kongresses in der amerikanischen Außenpolitik Dozent: Seminarleiter: PD Franz-Josef Meiers Sommersemester 2009

The Congress and the Vietnam War

Vorgelegt von: Ngansop Adrien Henkestrasse 38, Zimmer 302 91054 Erlangen Polwiss/Dipl. 7 Mailto: [email protected]
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Contents: IIIIIIIV-

IntroductionPrehistory The first phase, 1946-1954 (French phase) Second phase 1964-1973 (American stage) Phase three: Vietnamese Phase The role of the Congress during the Vietnam War.

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VII- Conclusion VIII- Literature

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I- Introduction I have tried in this household, bring some light into the darkness of the Vietnam War because it was a very important event in history and is often dealtwith too quickly. Vietnam is just a very « distant » country. Many people do not even know why the Vietnam war got started and how many innocent civilians and soldiers of different nationalities were killed. For Vietnam, until the final peace is a long unrest and repression minted country. The following is my thesis is to show how the war proceeded, however, would be very important in this context, therole of the U.S. Congress in this war, what is even the main point of my work. I have organized my work as follows: I started with a brief history of the war, and then I presented the three phases of the war and finally the role of Congress in this war.

II-Prehistory The Vietnam War ended in 1946 and 1975. It was about the independence, unity and supremacy in the country. The war took place inseveral phases. The first, the French period (1946 – 1954), is often described under the name of IndoChina war, as a separate war. One needs to make a big leap in the history of the past to get to the origin of the conflict. The general suppression of Vietnam by China ended in the mid-19th Century by the forcible annexation of Vietnam by the French. The Vietnam has being exploited by France toJapan exploited the power of the Vietnam and the country pulled itself further. At this time, there was great famine, which led many people to join an opposition to the Viet Minh. After the second War powers, France and Britain wanted to take up their position in Indochina again. This met with resistance in the population and so the Vietnimh ensured that the colonies be freed. England gave itsterritories and freely, while France kept trying by force to secure its position in Vietnam. On 2.9.1954, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in Hanoi was established. And in
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Paris, 1946 negotiations on the withdrawal of French Indo-China groups were conducted, however, they were sabotaged, because in the end, although there was then an independent Vietnam, but it was a member of Union Francaiseand French troops were deployed in Vietnam. The Vietnam War can be divided into 3 phases, which differ based on the parties. These phases are the French, American and Vietnamese phase.

III- The first phase, 1946-1954 (French phase) After Japan’s defeat in World War 2 and the withdrawal of Japanese troops from Indochina occurred on September 2, 1945 in Hanoi in the north of Vietnam to theestablishment of the « Democratic Republic of Vietnam ». This called for under President Ho Chi Minh, the founder and leader of the Communist-oriented « League for the Independence of Vietnam, the Viet Minh, the full sole for all of Vietnam and called out to a military conflict with France, which wanted to restore its colonial rule in Indochina . The war broke out in November 1946, when French warshipsbombarded the port city of Haiphong, after the Vietminh, the French demand after deducting all of its troops had ignored the city, as a result the French were able to push back the forces of the Vietminh to the west of Hanoi. 1949 France took the Vietnamese Emperor Bao Dai, who had deposed the Vietminh in 1945, in Saigon (now Ho Chi Minh City again) as the leader of the « Republic of Vietnam ». After…